I. Linux Network Environment
Computer Network - An interconnected collection of autonomous computers |
a. Network Models (7-layer ISO OSI "International Standards Organization Open Systems Interconnection" Model, 5-layer TCP/IP model)
OSI Model TCP/IP Model _______________ _______________ | Application | | | | Presentation | | Application | | Session | | | | Transport | | Transport | | Netowrk | | Network | | Data Link | | Data Link | | Physical | | Physical | ---------------- --------------- "Please Do Not Take Sales Persons' Advice"
b. Network Services
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127.0.0.1 localhost.localdomain localhost 10.0.0.9 gamma 10.0.0.11 beta |
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ALL: ALL in.telnetd: ALL |
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ALL: ALL in.telnetd: ALL |
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/dev/hda2 / ext2 defaults 1 1 alpha:/cdrom /cdrom ignore 0 0 0 /dev/fd0 /mnt/floppy ext2 noauto 0 0 /dev/hda4 /users ext2 defaults 1 2 10.0.0.6:/abbas /abbas nfs defaults |
c. IP Addressing
IP Address Definition: - A 32-bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information sent in packets across the Internet; usu. expressed in dotted quad (or dot address) notation in four parts, each part being 8 bits. eg. x1.x2.x3.x4. Each no. 8 bits, ie. 0 =< x =< 255 (256 total = 2^8) [Negus,Ch.15, whatis.com] Subnet Mask: - Subnet Level, eg. to differentiate 135.84.x.x and 135.84.118.x |
II. NFS
a. NFS Lab
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/export *(ro) /home 198.100.12.6(rw,no_root_squash) /home 198.100.12.6/255.255.255.0(rw) |
b. Common Problems
c. AutoFS
Automounter automatically mounts appropriate FS when "magic dirs" accessed.
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domain xnisdomain server xserver |
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/home /etc/auto.home --timeout 60 |
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* -rw,soft,intr xserver:/home/& |
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/home xclient(rw) |
III. NIS (NW Info Service)
a. NIS Server
b. NIS Client
c. NIS Slave Server
d. NIS+
e. LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol)
IV. Samba
[global] encrypt passwords = yes smb passwd file = /etc/samba/smbpasswd
x. Running Samba
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workgroup = MYWORKGROUP # same grp as ms machines netbios name = SHIBLI # nw name line added ... security = share # changed from security = user # to enable share access without password ... [share] # mkdir /share with all shared files. comment = Linux Share # add this section path = /share public = yes readonly = no ... printcap name = /etc/printcap load printers = yes printing = cups guest account = pcguest # must exist withno passwd map to guest = bad users # map unrecognised users to guest ... [printers] comment = AMU Phys. Dept. Printers (IBM NetVista) path = /var/spool/lpd # must exist 1777 browseable = yes printable = yes public = yes default devmode = yes profile acls = no # disable win passwd checks guest ok = yes [hpoj] comment = Shibli HP OfficeJet G85 printer path = /var/spool/lpd printable = yes guest ok = yes browseable = yes writable = yes default devmode = yes # man smb.conf profile acls = no |
[printers] comment = All the Printers path = /var/spool/samba browsable = no public = yes guest ok = yes writable = no printable = yes [2ndfloor] comment = 2nd Floor Laser Printer printer = 2ndfloor valid users = jack jill john path = /var/spool/2ndfloor public = no writable = no pritable = yes
b. MS Admin
Outlook:
V. ftp server
a. wu-ftpd
b. ftp error codes [ftp_error]
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VI. Web Server Administration
a. Apache :
b. TomCat Installation : TomCat install on Win95 at iop and at UU CC on 26.11.01:
cd d:\tomcat\jakarta-tomcat_3.2.3 set JAVA_HOME=d:\jdk1.4 set PATH=%PATH%;%JAVA_HOME%\binand it was checked that javac worked. Any error "bad command or file name" indicated incorrect path setting.
VII. Mail & News Admin
a. sendmail
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... all: user, samar, mantu others: :include: /home/aliases.txt ... |
where /home/aliases.txt contains a list of names, one name per line.
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Cwlocalhost # file containing names of hosts for which we receive email Fw/etc/sendmail.cw # "Smart" relay host (may be null) DSiop.ac.iopb.res.in # Mailer table (overriding domains) Kmailertable hash -o /etc/mail/mailertable # Virtual user table (maps incoming users) Kvirtuser hash -o /etc/mail/virtusertable # Access list database (for spam stomping) Kaccess hash -o /etc/mail/access # Hosts that will permit relaying ($=R) FR-o /etc/mail/relay-domains # who I send unqualified names to (null means deliver locally) DRiop.ac.iopb.res.in # who gets all local email traffic ($R has precedence for unqualified names) DHiop.ac.iopb.res.in # who I masquerade as (null for no masquerading) (see also $=M) DMiopb.res.in |
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########################### Essential Parameters ########################### # Over-rides your full name from Unix password file. Required for PC-Pine. personal-name=Samar Abbas # Sets domain part of From: and local addresses in outgoing mail. # user-domain=beta.iopb.stpbh.soft.net user-domain=iopb.res.in # List of SMTP servers for sending mail. If blank: Unix Pine uses sendmail. smtp-server=iop.ac.iopb.res.in # NNTP server for posting news. Also sets news-collections for news reading. nntp-server= # Path of (local or remote) INBOX, e.g. ={mail.somewhere.edu}inbox # Normal Unix default is the local INBOX (usually /usr/spool/mail/$USER). inbox-path=~/.MBOX |
VIII. DHCP (Dyn. Host Cfg. Proto.)
IX. DNS : bind, named
a. DNS Utils
b. Troubleshooting
X. Firewall Admin
XI. SuperComputer/Cluster
shibli # should not eq localhost in /etc/hosts, shibli=192.168.100.1 only rumi raazi saadi hali